d) Vertical transmission is the spread of viruses from trees and tall plants to bushes and other smaller plants, and horizontal transmission is the spread of viruses among plants of similar size. The mosquito becomes infected when it feeds on the blood of a person infected with the virus. Answered: Which of the following statements | bartleby a. a plasma membrane, where the pipe cleaners represent the phospholipid bilayer and the ribbon represents proteins embedded in the membrane. a. Bacteria injects DNA into a host cell. c. diffusion proteins Q: Discuss the following statement: "Viruses exist in the twilight zone of life: outside cells they are. b. protease One important way to control the spread of viruses is through a. the use of vaccines. c. T cells; CD8 D. HIV can pass easily from one person to the next through casual contact. c. They must make sure the results were not an accident and that they are repeatable. C) A person with an illness cannot be considered healthy. - Exposure to carcinogens can result in invasive, out-of-control cell growth that can cause malignant tumors. d. it made plymouth a royal colony b. simple diffusion - do not damage or kill living organisms by reacting with cellular components to disrupt metabolic functions - Most people will tolerate a higher probability of occurrence of an event if the harm caused by that event is low. The color change indicates that the iodine molecules were small enough to diffuse across the membrane and react with the starch inside the cell. The intensity level of these sounds can reach 103 dB, measured a distance of 5.0 m from the source. CD19 CAR antigen engagement mechanisms and affinity tuning A virus is made up of a DNA or RNA genome inside a protein shell called a capsid. 13-3 A primary immune response against influenza virus produces antibodies that bind to _____. Some viruses have an external membrane envelope. Response - Vertical (y) axis Choose the statement that correctly describes HIV and HBV. The saline you used was isotonic to the RBCs; this resulted in water osmosing through the RBC plasma membrane into and out of the cells at an equal rate. - Acute exposure involves a single contact with a toxic chemical. c) re-infection by a closely related herpesvirus of a different strain c) the proteins in the host's cytoplasm Reference: ref 1 Examine the figure below. e. they are unable to transduce signals when bound to the normal form. no longer just for the wealthy, as they are now becoming common in the developing world. Rapid cell reproduction replaces damaged cells in tissues, but the more cells reproduce, the greater the chances are that they may become cancerous. Using this kind of framing camera to diagnose the internal hot spot causes the light emitted from the same point in the target to appear at different positions on different frames, resulting in framing images that cannot accurately judge the evolution process of implosion, which seriously affects the accuracy of the measurements. answer choices. In this paper, the experimental modes of a large-scale photoelectric theodolite tracking frame are presented. B. d. local populations; global populations. d. stores water, nutrients, and enzymes. b. the cytosol; escaping from the phagosome IV. Which of the following types of organisms are commonly single-celled (unicellular)? Both membranes are selectively permeable and have pores. c) viroids Filter the substance to remove all elements smaller than what can be easily seen under a light microscope. Chapter 19: Viruses Flashcards | Quizlet The pattern of mental and physical defects that can develop in a fetus in association with high levels of alcohol consumption during pregnancy is called _________________ ______________________ syndrome. d. integrase e) Viral genomes mutate rapidly. triggering a response in our immune systems, foreign materials that stimulate the production of specific antibodies. b. the sequence of the conserved X box of the HLA class II promoter What does the saying "the dose makes the poison" mean? a. Response curve representing no response for low doses - Line c. The idea of hormesis, the nonlinear effect of a toxin in which a low dose is ______ and high dose is ______, was misapplied in a 2018 rule proposed by the EPA that suggested a little pollution was beneficial to health. Hazardous substances - These substances are dangerous because they are flammable, explosive, acidic, caustic, irritants, or sensitizers. d. Liposomes form from phospholipid bilayers and provide a barrier between an external environment and an internal environment; this creates an internal environment where specific chemical reactions needed to establish a living cell can occur separately from the external environment. 13-6 All of the following use gene conversion to avoid immune detection except _____. Which of the following statements accurately describes the path of d. pinocytosis. The tertiary structure consists of eight beta-strands connected by -helices (known as the globin fold) Hemoglobin is a tetramer composed of two different types of globin subunits, each of which has an O 2 binding site Match the persistent organic pollutant (POP) of current concern to its source. Viruses burst (lyse) from host cells and kill the cell; Virus connects to a receptor on the cell's surface; New viruses infect other cells and create more viruses; Virus genomes and protein cotas self-assemble; Re-sequence the steps in teh chart to reflect the correct order of the virus reproduction process. Answered: Which of the following statements | bartleby a) Viruses are smaller in size than bacteria. Which type(s) of chemicals travel through the environment most easily? Predicting whether an individual will recover from a given disease. c. Most deficiency syndromes are caused by dominant gene defects. Which of the following statements accurately describes the properties of gases? b. immune individuals; susceptible individuals b. d. Typically just a piece of genetic material encased in proteins, viruses are small, non-cellular infectious agents that are only capable of reproducing when inside a living cell such as those of plants, animals, fungi, protozoans, or bacteria. d) I, Which of the following characteristics is the largest contributor to determining a virus's host range? a. d. they cause less severe immunodeficiency than do the homozygous recessive forms Mutable requirements Emergent requirements Consequential requirements Compatibility requirements SCENARIO: Consider an online shopping portal that allows a customer to browse and purchase different products. Shafting, three-point leveling units, and other components are reasonably simplified during the modeling . b. sorts proteins and lipids and sends them to their final destination. (Use only one word per blank.). c. varicella-zoster They cause T cells to divide and differentiate into effector T cells. The water will mostly move from side "B" to side "A" because the water concentration is higher on side "B." e. Janus 3 kinase (Jak3) Frontiers | Social determinants of health derived from people with Test Bank for Fundamentals of Nursing 10th Edition by Taylor d) the proteins on the viral surface and that of the host cell membrane. 4. You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is a bacterium, virus, or prion. Your muscle cells need large amounts of ATP to function in the movement of your body. c. They stimulate between 2% and 20% of the total T-cell population. b. polysaccharides e. The capsular polysaccharide antigens of S. pneumoniae do not induce immunological memory. A. Oxygenated blood is taken to the heart, from the lungs into the left atrium via the pulmonary arteries B. Oxygenated blood is taken to the heart, from the lungs into the right atrium via the pulmonary veins C. HIV leads to AIDS, when about one third of the individual's T cell count is lost. Yes; without organelles, prokaryotic cells cannot photosynthesize or respire. Which of the following statements accurately describes how viruses reproduce? c. The cell should gain weight over time because it is hypertonic to the beaker environment and water will enter the cell through osmosis. b) enter a replicative cycle that kills the host cell. b. a virus-encoded complement receptor bio virus and bacteria Flashcards | Quizlet a. 13-7 Genes encoding _____ rearrange in trypanosomes permitting replication and survival of the pathogen until the host produces an antibody response against the altered gene product. a. bacteria, some fungi (yeast), and many protozoans. e. None of the above is mismatched. - The damage to genetic material by mutagens can lead to birth defects if the exposure occurs during fetal development. Factor related to the organism - Immunological status at the time of exposure to the chemical. They affect wildlife populations, such as bats and frogs. Every living organism is composed of one or more cells, and all living cells have membrane-enclosed organelles. An experiment mixed together oil (lipids), organophosphate-containing detergent in water, and copper ions to act as a catalyst for a chemical reaction. Which statement most accurately describes a virus? A.) A virus is c. oxygen (O2) 13-16 All of the following are associated with superantigens except _____. The nuclear envelope consists of two concentric phospholipid bilayers while the plasma membrane is only one phospholipid bilayer. . b) IV The leading reasons for nonrational risk perception include ______. Quiz 19: Viruses | Quiz+ d. Chdiak-Higashi syndrome caused by deficiency of CHS1 Which of the following factors do policymakers consider most important in setting an effective environmental health policy? Which of these best describes a virus? Exhaling excess carbon dioxide - Lungs Eventually, the immune system cannot handle the viral invasion. Show transcribed image text - dramatically reducing frog populations in many areas a) the proteins on the viral surface and that of the host cell membrane b) Formation of the provirus would be stopped. d. cytosol. Nearly all substances are toxic depending on the amount, delivery rate, and method. - Though cells have repair mechanisms to restore damaged DNA, there is no safe threshold for exposure to mutagens as the repair process may be flawed. The measles virus causes nasal and lung infections. c. lymphoproliferative syndrome caused by deficiency of SH2D1A It is rising in both developing and developed countries. c) use reverse transcriptase to incorporate the virus genome into the host cell DNA. 13-18 Which of the following is not associated with bacterial infection due to a genetic defect in or pathogen-induced subversion of normal phagocytic processes? Which of the following organelles would you expect to be especially abundant in muscle cells? d. They cause excessive synthesis and release of cytokines. b. a cell wall. - LD50 is the dose of the toxin that is lethal to half the population. b. c - Dose must be above a threshold level before anyone in the population shows a response which suggests the presence of some defense mechanism against the harmful effects of the toxin. Viral genomes consist of what type of nucleic acid molecules? This study was reported . The Office of Justice Services (OJS), within the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), is searching for an individual to serve as a Victim Assistance Program Manager. The radish cells were hypotonic to the water in which they were soaking. Hydraulic structures, e.g., sluicegates and pumping stations, can directly influence flooding processes and should be represented in flood modeling and risk assessment. a. LFA-3 Q. f. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. b. proteins. c. Haemophilus influenzae O The envelope is only found on RNA viruses. d. C5-C9; defend against Neisseria Setting environmental health policy is challenging because ______. c. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase; HIV e. antigenic drift. Which of the following groups of people is most likely to have an increased exposure to toxic chemicals because of their job responsibilities? **see figure. Debates in establishing environmental health policy include whether to ______. answer choices Viruses can eat and metabolize food. On the basis of the experimental data and the gradient-less optimization approach, the modeling strategy and the parameterized equivalent dynamic finite element model are presented. b) enter a replicative cycle that kills the host cell. How do these molecules arrange themselves to form a mostly impermeable barrier between a liposome and its environment? c. captures energy from sunlight and sends it to the mitochondria. b. sodium ions (Na+), hydrogen ions (H+), sugars, and amino acids What characteristics define an emergent disease? 13-5 All of the following are associated with the ability of influenza virus to escape from immunity except _____. However, that does not imply that low doses of any toxin is good for health. 1. b. nonspecific activation of 2-20% of body's CD8 T cells Which of the following statements correctly identify reasons why the debate currently surrounds regulating endocrine disrupters? Match the following causes of death with the lifetime chance of dying that way in the United States. b) They can be spread via the plasmodesmata. B.) People living in ______ areas, especially in ______, are particularly susceptible to death linked to air pollution. b. a. Bisphenol A (BPA) - Used to produce plastic-coated items such as linings of cans and bottles, tooth-protecting sealants, and water pipes. Toxins - Lead b. System management program c. Utility program d. Encryption. Which of the following statements accurately describes the measles virus? A: The small microscopic organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye are called microorganisms.. b. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) a. it created the massachusetts bay colony. No color change in the beaker tells us that the starch was too large to cross the membrane from the cell and into the beaker. a. adenosine deaminase (ADA) d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis A Pre-Audited Token Launchpad on the Binance Smart Chain (BSC). - spreading worldwide. After soaking in the yellow iodine-water solution for one hour, the cell is once again weighed. b) They can be spread via the plasmodesmata. 4. c. converts sunlight into chemical energy. A long piece of ribbon wired along both long edges is twisted into a helix and wrapped around individual pipe cleaners that have been rolled into spools; this grouping is then twisted (super coiled) again to condense it. a. channel proteins d) ability to remove all viruses from the infected host. ", lethal dose of a chemical for half of the population. c. global populations; local populations X=111110201X. a. DNA-dependent DNA polymerase; HIV d. myeloperoxidase Which of these statements correctly describes trends in child mortality? 13-42 Epstein-Barr virus infects and establishes latency in _____, gaining entry by binding to _____. The phage genome is integrated in the host chromosome where it is passed on to daughter cells through binary fission. Which of the following statements accurately describes how endocrine disrupters affect us? e) Retroviruses. Affected individuals are less susceptible to infection. b. the plasma membrane. Because sensory neurons express low levels of MHC class I molecules, they provide appropriate sites for viral dormancy. Why? Sustainability | Free Full-Text | Assessment of Object-Level Flood a. the cell wall 5. 15. b. You place a small drop of the blood on a slide, add a drop of strong saline (salt) solution, and then cover all of it with a coverslip. Cells vs Virus Homework | Biology Quiz - Quizizz Dog bites and bee, wasp, or hornet stings - These have risks between 1 in 46,562 to 1 in 115,111. mutations are introduced into the virus. Instead, the cells are only able to reproduce once inside a host cell. What are the qualities of PFCs that make them so useful? Outbreaks of health problems that have a psychological rather than a physical basis are referred to as ______. - For most people, a 1 in 100,000 chance of dying from some risk factor is often a threshold for changing what they do. 13-47 Which of the following statements regarding inherited immunodeficiency diseases is correct? c. eukaryotic and plant c. osmosis. Trends in obesity-related illnesses such as heart disease and diabetes show that such diseases are ______. This vesicle is now within the amoeba itself and will soon fuse with other vesicles containing digestive enzymes. Match the examples to chronic or acute effects and exposures. What is this speed in meters per second? Which of the following statements about viruses is false? Which of the following statements are true about how people apply probability in determining how much risk to accept and when to avoid exposure to certain risks? d. superantigen 3. You are in lab attempting to prepare a slide of cow blood for observation in a wet mount. b. T-cell-dependent antibody responses; cell-mediated immune responses c. the IFN- receptor Which of the following statements is true of chloroplasts? c. No; although prokaryotic cells are comparatively less efficient than eukaryotic cells, they are still able to carry out the processes necessary for survival and reproduction. c. innate; acquired immune responses Find the temperature of a gas of CO2\mathrm{CO}_2CO2 molecules whose rms\mathrm{rms}rms speed is 309m/s309 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}309m/s ? Chytridiomycosis (or chytrid fungus) is an ecological disease that affects amphibians and is ______. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum a. Rank the stages in biomagnification of DDT, putting the earliest stage on top. Which of the following applies to ecological diseases? Lead was banned from gasoline and paint in the 1970s and health problems associated with its exposure have dropped significantly since then. Viruses have a higher metabolism than bacteria cells. the host cell is turned into a virus. Which cell that was viewed is most likely a prokaryote. b. Which of the following accurately describes HIV? B. 13-76 Which of the following is required for fusion of the human immunodeficiency viral envelope with the host cell membrane and subsequent internalization? 13-23 Which of the following pairs is mismatched? All living cells arise from preexisting cells, and all living cells have membrane-enclosed organelles. a) capsid c) Cutting and assembling the capsid would be halted. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. a. Hepatitis C Virus Infection in US States and the District of Columbia a. This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypertonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypotonic. The membranes of the mitochondria provide a place for enzymes needed for cellular respiration to anchor and function. Where is the most likely place that enzymes needed for cellular respiration are anchored and functioning? b. the IL-12 receptor c. fall below 1000 cells/l Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a concern because being ______. Dicamba - Used as an herbicide; a plant hormone d. There will be no net movement of water because the solutions are isotonic. True or false: Our bodies often reduce the effects of toxic substances by eliminating them through our breath, sweat, and urine. Microbes acquire resistance to antibiotics through different processes that include random mutations and ______________ reproduction. Compare and contrast the nuclear envelope and the plasma membrane. Poliovirus is an RNA virus of the picornavirus group, which uses its RNA as mRNA. a. reverse transcriptase a. adenosine deaminase (ADA) They are often harmful even in extremely dilute concentrations Viruses can reproduce on their own at any time. However, some sugar molecules are too large to pass through the membrane either way without the assistance of passive transport proteins. e. Listeria monocytogenes This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypotonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypertonic. Bacteria are much larger than viruses, and t View the full answer Transcribed image text: Viruses Furr | Other Quiz - Quizizz - Chronic exposure involves continuous or repeated contact with a toxic substance over a long period of time (months or years). Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship The WBC's job is to take the bacteria inside of itself and destroy the bacteria. The cell should lose weight over time because it is hypotonic to the beaker environment and water will enter the cell through osmosis. How can a single sheet of Polaroid film be used to show that the sky is partially polarized? d. immune evasion d. X-linked SCID Viruses are very diverse. Which of the following statements best describes vaccines? Proviruses form immediately after the RNA genome assembles with viral proteins and infectious irons are produced, 13-68 The pol gene of HIV produces all of the following except _____. c. secondary immunodeficiency diseases b. a worker in a factory who places labels on products and then packs them into a shipping box a. integrase a. a virus-encoded Fc receptor Antiviral drugs that have become useful are usually associated with which of the following properties? a. Epstein-Barr virus e. gp41 and gp120. This idea is summarized in the statement "the ___________________ makes the poison. c) I d. palisade mesophyll, Which of the following would be the best analogy for the function of the Golgi apparatus? Determine the average shear stress on the wetted perimeter of this channel. Which of the following statements explains why, despite these probability calculations, people perceive driving as less risky and are more accepting of the associated risks? Larger fish eat smaller fish - educating women. Morbidity refers to _____________, whereas mortality refers to ____________. c. a TAP peptide transporter Phospholipids are large organic molecules with a ________, polar phosphate head connected to ________, nonpolar fatty acid tails. Instead, the RBCs look very shriveled up. Which of the following characteristics is the largest contributor to determining a virus's host range? Examine the figure below. c. The solution level on the left side of the figure would decrease while the solution level on the right side of the figure would rise. You also notice that the solution inside of the cell is now a dark blue color while the solution in the beaker is still a light yellow color from the iodine. Toluene and formaldehyde from cigarette smoke - Inhalation (respiratory tract) - when risks are known and we feel in control of the outcome. 13-10 Which of the following is not associated with the reactivation of herpesviruses? e. C3; opsonize capsulated bacteria. Which of these sentences properly describes the difference between bioaccumulation and biomagnification? We assert that combining expertise . From what substance do liposomes spontaneously form and why are they important? Ebola hemorrhage fever is caused by a ______, and was the source of an epidemic in western Africa in 2014. Interpret this graph by matching each label to the correct line in the graph. The standard GNSS-IR model typically considers soil to be a single layer of medium and measures the average SMC between 1 and 10 cm below the soil surface. d. HIV is transferred from an infected person to an uninfected recipient Q. Applied Sciences | Free Full-Text | A Machine Learning Based Full - Endocrine disrupters may cause feminization of males. b. it founded the plymouth colony under a proprietary governor. Photonics | Free Full-Text | An Experimental Study Measuring - mdpi.com I. kill the host cell immediately, while bacteria maintain life within the . Filter the substance to remove all elements smaller than what can be easily seen under a light microscope. d. T-cell receptor V chain. The possibility of suffering harm or loss resulting from a given action is referred to as ______. a) Fasting blood glucose from 120-180 mg/dL b) Fasting blood glucose from 126-140 mg/dL c) Fasting blood glucose from 110-125 mg/dL d) All of the above 7) All of the following drugs are oral hypoglycemic drugs, Except a) Metformin b) Sulphonylureas c) Thiazolidinediones . Eat fewer calories and exercise more - Reduces obesity-related illnesses Prokaryotic cells must also carry out respiration but do not have mitochondria. 13-80 Reverse transcriptase is a _____ encoded by _____. 13-25 Deficiencies in complement components C5-C9 and properdin (factor P) are associated with _____. a. 4. Persistence of chemicals can be a concern for health because such ______.